Arthritis Care at Abhaya Hospitals

Arthritis is a broad term encompassing conditions that affect the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility. It can be classified into two major categories: inflammatory arthritis and non-inflammatory arthritis. At Abhaya Hospitals, we specialize in diagnosing and treating both types of arthritis with a multidisciplinary approach tailored to the individual’s needs.

1. Inflammatory Arthritis

Inflammatory arthritis is characterized by inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues, often caused by autoimmune or systemic conditions. This type of arthritis can lead to joint damage if left untreated.

Common Types of Inflammatory Arthritis

• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):
  An autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the joint lining (synovium).
  Symptoms: Symmetrical joint pain, morning stiffness, swelling, fatigue, and systemic symptoms like fever.

• Psoriatic Arthritis:
  Associated with psoriasis, a skin condition, causing joint inflammation and skin lesions.
  Symptoms: Joint pain, swelling, dactylitis (sausage-like fingers/toes), and nail changes.

• Ankylosing Spondylitis:
  Affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, causing stiffness and reduced mobility.
  Symptoms: Back pain, reduced flexibility, and postural changes.

• Gout:
  Caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints.
  Symptoms: Intense pain, redness, and swelling, often affecting the big toe.

Treatment Options for Inflammatory Arthritis

• Medications:
  • Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) like methotrexate.
  • Biologic therapies targeting specific immune pathways (e.g., TNF inhibitors).
  • Corticosteroids to reduce acute inflammation.
• Lifestyle Changes:
  • Anti-inflammatory diets, regular exercise, and weight management.
• Physical Therapy:
  • Exercises to maintain joint mobility and reduce stiffness.
• Surgical Interventions:
  • Joint replacement or repair for severe cases with joint damage.

2. Non-Inflammatory Arthritis

Non-inflammatory arthritis primarily results from mechanical wear and tear of the joints, leading to the breakdown of cartilage. This type is more common in older adults and is typically localized to the affected joint.

Common Types of Non-Inflammatory Arthritis

• Osteoarthritis (OA):
  The most prevalent form of arthritis caused by degeneration of joint cartilage.
  Symptoms: Pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, and bony spurs.

• Traumatic Arthritis:
  Develops after an injury to the joint, such as a fracture or ligament tear.
  Symptoms: Pain, swelling, and gradual joint degeneration.

Treatment Options for Non-Inflammatory Arthritis

• Medications:
  • Pain relievers like acetaminophen and NSAIDs for symptom management.
• Physical Therapy:
  • Strengthening exercises and stretching to support joint function.
• Injections:
  • Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections for temporary pain relief.
• Surgical Interventions:
  • Joint replacement (arthroplasty) for severe cases.
• Assistive Devices:
  • Braces, orthotics, or walking aids to reduce joint stress.

At Abhaya Hospitals, we are committed to providing comprehensive arthritis care that addresses both the causes and symptoms of this condition. Our experienced team of orthopedic specialists works closely with patients to develop personalized treatment plans, utilizing the latest advancements in both medical and surgical interventions.